![]() ![]() The latest successor to that original set of rules is New Hart’s Rules: The Oxford Style Guide (2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2014). First officially published in 1904, it has been through many editions since.* This guide began in 1893 as a set of in-house rules for “compositors and readers” by Horace Hart. Both presses trace their founding to the sixteenth century (the University of Chicago Press, by comparison, was founded in 1890).īut the deciding factor is that Oxford University Press (like Chicago) has long published a major and influential style guide. Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world and has the second-oldest university press, after Cambridge. Whether you use it or not, you may still want to know: Why is it called the Oxford comma? Oxford’s Claim For example, in “ a, b, and c and d” (where c and d form a unit), the comma after b is essential. The Associated Press Stylebook says to use it only in cases where its absence might lead to ambiguity. Many journalists, on the other hand, will tell you it’s rarely necessary. By clearly demarcating the last two items in a series, the serial comma adds precision. Most book publishers (and their editors) swear by it, and CMOS requires it. It’s the comma after b in “ a, b, and c”-and, incidentally, the comma after the first or in the previous sentence. The serial comma is the one before and, or, or nor at the end of a series of three or more items. The person perfoms one activity on two items.Its generic name is the serial (or series) comma, but many people know it by a fancier name: Oxford comma. It is a clause with one verb and two coordinated (and) items. The same sentence can be written without any commas no list items exist. Below, the person performs two activities one comma separates two verb phrases. For example, below the person does three activities two commas separate three verbs.įor words in which the verb form is the same as the noun form, a comma separates like (same form) elements. When each item is separated by a comma, the reader can expect that the items are the same (parallel) word forms. Word Play Make the meaning clear with a commaĭistinguish a verb from a noun with a comma TWO COMMAS 6th ed., American Psychological Association, 2010. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. ![]() 7th ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2009. MLA Handbookfor Writers of Research Papers.Fowler, revised 3rd ed., Oxford UP, 2004. ![]() Sabin, 11th ed., McGraw-Hill Education, 2011. Edited by Thomas Kent, et al., 51st ed., AP, 2016.
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